Guide

Understanding Your Legal Options as a Survivor

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“Justice” can mean different things, and you get to define it. Here’s what your options actually look like — without the legal jargon.

1

Criminal and civil are two separate paths

A criminal case punishes; a civil case compensates you. They’re independent — you can pursue a civil claim with or without a criminal case.

2

You don’t need a police report

A civil claim doesn’t require that you reported to police or that anyone was ever charged.

3

The standard of proof is lower in civil court

Civil cases are decided on “more likely than not,” not “beyond a reasonable doubt.”

4

Institutions can be held responsible

Schools, churches, employers, and care facilities can be accountable for enabling harm — often the most meaningful part of a case.

5

It usually costs nothing to ask

Survivor attorneys consult for free and work on contingency, so learning your options carries no cost or obligation.

A gentle reminder: laws and timelines differ by state, and they’ve been changing in survivors’ favor. See your options by state, or simply reach out — there’s no cost and no obligation.

Questions

You might be wondering

Rarely. Many states have extended or removed time limits, and survivors come forward and find justice years or decades later. When you feel ready, it’s worth learning your specific options — it’s free to ask.

No. Reporting is always your choice, and you can find support or pursue a civil claim without a police report or any criminal case.

No. Hotlines are free, and survivor-focused attorneys consult for free and work on contingency, so understanding your options never costs you anything.

You don’t have to do this alone

Share only what feels okay. We’ll gently connect you with confidential support — no pressure, no cost.

This is a supportive resource, not legal advice, and reaching out creates no obligation.

We hear you

Someone caring will reach out within a day. If you need to talk now, RAINN is here 24/7 at 800-656-4673.